图们河,又称图曼河或杜曼河(韩语发音:[tumanɡaŋ]),长521公里(324英里),是中国,朝鲜和俄罗斯之间边界的一部分在Paektu山的山坡上上升,流入日本海。这条河的流域面积为33,800平方公里(13,050平方英里)。[2]
这条河流流向东北亚,上游是中国与朝鲜之间的边界,进入海之前的最后17公里(11英里)是朝鲜与俄罗斯之间的边界。这条河形成了中国东北吉林省南部边界和朝鲜北咸庆省和梁岗省北部边界的大部分地区。中朝边界的白头山是这条河的源头,[3]也是也被称为鸭绿江的阿姆诺克河的源头。
这条河的名字来自蒙古语“tümen”,意思是“万”或无数。这条河被附近的朝鲜和中国工厂严重污染。但是,它仍然是该地区的主要旅游景点。在吉林的图们,一条河滨长廊设有餐厅,顾客可以在这里注视着整个河流进入朝鲜。[3]这条河的俄语名称是Tumannaya,字面意思是大雾。
1938年,日本人在元钟(H春)和泉河村之间建造了图们江大桥,泉河与图们江交汇。河上的重要城镇是朝鲜的Hoeryong和Onsong,吉林省的图们和南坪镇。
1995年,中华人民共和国,蒙古,俄罗斯,朝鲜和韩国签署了创建图们江经济开发区的三项协议。[4] [5] [6] [7]
风景图:
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- EB (1878), p. 390.
- "DRAINAGE BASINS OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK AND SEA OF JAPAN" (PDF). www.unece.org.
- Onishi, Norimitsu (22 October 2006). "Tension, Desperation: The China-North Korean Border". The New York Times. Much of the information comes from the captions to the large illustrated map published with the newspaper article and available online with it.
- "Accord on Tumen River Area Development to Be Signed". Archived from the original on 2019-12-15. Retrieved 2010-01-23. (sourced from HighBeam Research)
- "Tumen River Area Development Program". Network of East Asian Think-tanks (NEAT). 2009. Archived from the original on 15 January 2015.
- Kim, Myung-sung (14 January 2015). 최고 싱크탱크(think tank)도 "두만강 지역 개발하자" [From top think tank: "Let's develop the Tumen River area"]. Chosun News (in Korean). Archived from the original on 15 January 2015.
- "JPRI Working Paper No. 53". www.jpri.org.
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