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北大法宝英文译本库
[CLI Code] CLI.1.5112803（EN）
Law of the People's Republic of China on Scientific and Technological Progress (2021 Revision)
目 录
Table of Contents
第一章 总 则
Chapter I General Provisions
第二章 基础研究
Chapter II Basic Research
第三章 应用研究与成果转化
Chapter III Applied Research and Commercialization of Achievements
第四章 企业科技创新
Chapter IV Scientific and Technological Innovation by Enterprises
第五章 科学技术研究开发机构
Chapter V Scientific and Technological Research and Development Institutions
第六章 科学技术人员
Chapter VI Science and Technology Personnel
第七章 区域科技创新
Chapter VII Regional Scientific and Technological Innovation
第八章 国际科学技术合作
Chapter VIII International Scientific and Technological Cooperation
第九章 保障措施
Chapter IX Safeguard Measures
第十章 监督管理
Chapter X Supervision and Administration
第十一章 法律责任
Chapter XI Legal Liability
第十二章 附 则
Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions
第一章 总 则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条为了全面促进科学技术进步，发挥科学技术第一生产力、创新第一动力、人才第一资源的作用，促进科技成果向现实生产力转化，推动科技创新支撑和引领经济社会发展，全面建设社会主义现代化国家，根据 宪法 ，制定本法。
Article 1This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution for the purposes of comprehensively promoting scientific and technological progress, maximizing the role of science and technology as the primary productive force, of innovation as the primary driving force, and of talents as primary resources, promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into practical productive forces, prompting scientific and technological innovation to support and lead economic and social development, and building a modern socialist country in an all-round manner.
第二条坚持中国共产党对科学技术事业的全面领导。
Article 2The overall leadership of the Communist Party of China over the cause of science and technology shall be adhered to.
国家坚持新发展理念，坚持科技创新在国家现代化建设全局中的核心地位，把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑，实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略和创新驱动发展战略，走中国特色自主创新道路，建设科技强国。
The state shall adhere to the new development concept and the core position of scientific and technological innovation in the big picture of national modernization drive, take scientific and technological self-reliance as the strategic support for national development, implement the Strategy of Invigorating China through Science and Education, the Strategy of Strengthening China through Talents, and the Innovation-Driven Development Strategy, follow the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, and transform China into a country that is strong in science and technology.
第十二章 附 则
Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions
第一百一十六条涉及国防科学技术进步的其他有关事项，由国务院、中央军事委员会规定。
Article 116Other matters concerning scientific and technological progress in national defense shall be prescribed by the State Council and the Central Military Commission.
第一百一十七条本法自2022年1月1日起施行。
Article 117This Law shall come into force on January 1, 2022.
[CLI Code] CLI.1.5112804(EN)
Law of the People's Republic of China on Noise Pollution Prevention and Control
目 录
Table of Contents
第一章 总 则
Chapter I General Provisions
第二章 噪声污染防治标准和规划
Chapter II Standards and Plans for Noise Pollution Prevention and Control
第三章 噪声污染防治的监督管理
Chapter III Supervision and Administration of Noise Pollution Prevention and Control
第四章 工业噪声污染防治
Chapter IV Prevention and Control of Industrial Noise Pollution
第五章 建筑施工噪声污染防治
Chapter V Prevention and Control of Construction Noise Pollution
第六章 交通运输噪声污染防治
Chapter VI Prevention and Control of Traffic Noise Pollution
第七章 社会生活噪声污染防治
Chapter VII Prevention and Control of Community Noise Pollution
第八章 法律责任
Chapter VIII Legal Liability
第九章 附 则
Chapter IX Supplemental Provisions
第一章 总 则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条为了防治噪声污染，保障公众健康，保护和改善生活环境，维护社会和谐，推进生态文明建设，促进经济社会可持续发展，制定本法。
Article 1This Law is enacted for the purposes of preventing and controlling noise pollution, guaranteeing public health, protecting and improving the living environment, maintaining social harmony, advancing ecological conservation, and promoting sustainable economic and social development.
第二条本法所称噪声，是指在工业生产、建筑施工、交通运输和社会生活中产生的干扰周围生活环境的声音。
Article 2For the purposes of this Law, “noise” means the sound that is emitted in the course of industrial production, construction, transportation and social activities and that impairs the living environment of surrounding area.
本法所称噪声污染，是指超过噪声排放标准或者未依法采取防控措施产生噪声，并干扰他人正常生活、工作和学习的现象。
For the purposes of this Law, “noise pollution” means noise emission that exceeds the prescribed noise emission standards or is the result of failure to take prevention and control measures in accordance with the law and that disrupts others' normal life, work and study.
第三条噪声污染的防治，适用本法。
Article 3This Law shall apply to the prevention and control of noise pollution.
因从事本职生产经营工作受到噪声危害的防治，适用劳动保护等其他有关法律的规定。
The provisions of laws on labor protection and other relevant laws shall apply to the prevention and control of noise hazards resulting from production or business operation someone is engaged in.
第九章 附 则
Chapter IX Supplemental Provisions
第八十八条本法中下列用语的含义：
Article 88For the purposes of this Law, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
（一）噪声排放，是指噪声源向周围生活环境辐射噪声；
(1) “Noise emission” means the emission of noise from the source to the surrounding living environment.
（二）夜间，是指晚上十点至次日早晨六点之间的期间，设区的市级以上人民政府可以另行规定本行政区域夜间的起止时间，夜间时段长度为八小时；
(2) “Night time” means the period from 10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. of the following day. The people's government at or above the level of a city divided into districts may separately provide for the starting and ending time of night time within its administrative region, and the length of night time shall be eight hours.
（三）噪声敏感建筑物，是指用于居住、科学研究、医疗卫生、文化教育、机关团体办公、社会福利等需要保持安静的建筑物；
(3) “Noise-sensitive buildings” means the buildings that require a quiet environment for residential use, scientific research, medical treatment and health, culture and education, office work of government agencies and organizations, and social welfare, among others.
（四）交通干线，是指铁路、高速公路、一级公路、二级公路、城市快速路、城市主干路、城市次干路、城市轨道交通线路、内河高等级航道。
(4) “Traffic trunk lines” means railways, expressways, first-class highways, second-class highways, urban expressways, urban trunk roads, urban sub-trunk roads, urban rail transit lines, and high-grade inland waterways.
第八十九条省、自治区、直辖市或者设区的市、自治州根据实际情况，制定本地方噪声污染防治具体办法。
Article 89Provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, districted cities, and autonomous prefectures may, according to the actual circumstances, develop the specific measures for noise pollution prevention and control in their respective regions.
第九十条本法自2022年6月5日起施行。《中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法》同时废止。
Article 90This Law shall come into force on June 5, 2022, upon which the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Pollution from Environmental Noise shall be repealed.
[CLI Code] CLI.1.5114193(EN)
Seed Law of the People's Republic of China (2021 Amendment)
目 录
Table of Contents
第一章 总 则
Chapter I General Provisions
第二章 种质资源保护
Chapter II Protection of Germ Plasm Resources
第三章 品种选育、审定与登记
Chapter III Variety Selection, Cultivation, Approval and Registration
第四章 新品种保护
Chapter IV Protection of New Varieties
第五章 种子生产经营
Chapter V Seed Production and Business Operation
第六章 种子监督管理
Chapter VI Supervision and Administration Related to Seeds
第七章 种子进出口和对外合作
Chapter VII Seed Import and Export and Cooperation with Foreign Countries
第八章 扶持措施
Chapter VIII Support Measures
第九章 法律责任
Chapter IX Legal Liability
第十章 附 则
Chapter X Supplementary Provisions
第一章 总 则
Chapter I General Provisions
第一条为了保护和合理利用种质资源，规范品种选育、种子生产经营和管理行为，加强种业科学技术研究，鼓励育种创新，保护植物新品种权，维护种子生产经营者、使用者的合法权益，提高种子质量，发展现代种业，保障国家粮食安全，促进农业和林业的发展，制定本法。
Article 1This Law is developed for the purposes of protecting and making rational use of germ plasm resources, standardizing variety selection and breeding, as well as seed production and trade and the administration thereof, strengthening the scientific and technological research of the seed industry, encouraging breeding innovation, protecting the rights to new varieties of plants, safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of seed producers, traders and users, improving the quality of seeds, developing the modern seed industry, guaranteeing the grain security of the state, and promoting the development of agriculture and forestry.
第二条在中华人民共和国境内从事品种选育、种子生产经营和管理等活动，适用本法。
Article 2This Law shall apply to variety selection and cultivation, seed production, business operation and management, and other activities conducted within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
本法所称种子，是指农作物和林木的种植材料或者繁殖材料，包括籽粒、果实、根、茎、苗、芽、叶、花等。
For the purpose of this Law, “seeds” mean the materials for planting or propagating crops and forest trees, including grains, fruits, roots, stems, seedlings, sprouts, leaves, and flowers, among others.
第十章 附 则
Chapter X Supplementary Provisions
第九十条本法下列用语的含义是：
Article 90For the purpose of this Law, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
（一）种质资源是指选育植物新品种的基础材料，包括各种植物的栽培种、野生种的繁殖材料以及利用上述繁殖材料人工创造的各种植物的遗传材料。
(1) “Germ plasm resources” means the basic materials for breeding new varieties of plants, including the propagation materials for the cultigens and wild species of various plants as well as the hereditary materials of the various plants artificially created with the aforesaid propagation materials.
（二）品种是指经过人工选育或者发现并经过改良，形态特征和生物学特性一致，遗传性状相对稳定的植物群体。
(2) “Varieties” means the plant colony that has been selected, cultivated, found, and improved by human, of which the shape and biological characteristics are uniform, and genetic characteristics are relatively stable.
（三）主要农作物是指稻、小麦、玉米、棉花、大豆。
(3) “Main crops” means rice, wheat, maize, cotton, and soybean.
[CLI Code]CLI.1.5114194(EN)
Trade Union Law of the People's Republic of China (2021 Amendment)
目 录
Table of Contents
第一章 总 则
Chapter 1 General Provisions
第二章 工会组织
Chapter 2 Trade Union Organizations
第三章 工会的权利和义务
Chapter 3 Rights and Obligations of a Trade Union
第四章 基层工会组织
Chapter 4 Basic-level Trade Union Organizations
第五章 工会的经费和财产
Chapter 5 Trade Union Funds and Assets
第六章 法律责任
Chapter 6 Legal Responsibilities
第七章 附 则
Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions
第一章 总 则
Chapter 1 General Provisions
第一条为保障工会在国家政治、经济和社会生活中的地位，确定工会的权利与义务，发挥工会在社会主义现代化建设事业中的作用，根据宪法，制定本法。
Article 1This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution to protect the position of trade unions in State political, economic and social life, to clarify the rights and obligations of trade unions and to enable them to play their proper role in the development of China's socialist modernization.
第二条工会是中国共产党领导的职工自愿结合的工人阶级群众组织，是中国共产党联系职工群众的桥梁和纽带。
Article 2Trade unions are mass organizations of the working class formed by employees of their own free will under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and are the bridge and link between the Communist Party of China and the working masses.
中华全国总工会及其各工会组织代表职工的利益，依法维护职工的合法权益。
The All-China Federation of Trade Unions and all of its trade union organizations shall represent the interests of the employees and protect the legal rights and interests of the employees.
第三条在中国境内的企业、事业单位、机关、社会组织（以下统称用人单位）中以工资收入为主要生活来源的劳动者，不分民族、种族、性别、职业、宗教信仰、教育程度，都有依法参加和组织工会的权利。任何组织和个人不得阻挠和限制。
Article 3All laborers in enterprises, public institutions, government agencies, and social organizations in China (hereinafter collectively referred to as “employers”) who earn their living primarily from wages shall have the right to participate in and form trade unions in accordance with the law, regardless of ethnic status, race, sex, occupation, religious belief or education. No organization or individual may hinder or restrict them from doing so.
工会适应企业组织形式、职工队伍结构、劳动关系、就业形态等方面的发展变化，依法维护劳动者参加和组织工会的权利。
Trade unions shall adapt to the development and changes in such aspects as the business forms of enterprises, the structures of the workforce, labor relations, and employment patterns, and shall safeguard the right of laborers to participate in and form trade unions in accordance with the law.
第七章 附 则
Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions
第五十七条中华全国总工会会同有关国家机关制定机关工会实施本法的具体办法。
Article 57The specific measures for the implementation of this Law of the trade unions of state organs shall be formulated by the All-China Federation of Trade Unions together with the relevant state organs.
第五十八条本法自公布之日起施行。1950年6月29日中央人民政府颁布的《中华人民共和国工会法》同时废止。
Article 58This Law shall take effect from the date of promulgation. The Trade Union Law of the People's Republic of China, issued on June 29, 1950 by the People's Central Government, shall be annulled simultaneously.
附《种子法》、《工会法》修改决定，供参阅：
The links beneath are Amending Decisions of the Seed Law and the Trade Union Law for reference:
Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to Amend the Seed Law of the People's Republic of China (2021)
Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to Amend the Trade Union Law of the People's Republic of China (2021)
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审核人员 | 曲鹏翔 董帅
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